Diversity in clinical trials is not just a regulatory box to check — it’s an ethical imperative and a scientific necessity. Ensuring that clinical studies are inclusive of all populations affected by a disease is crucial for developing treatments that are safe and effective for everyone.
As the healthcare industry continues to recognize the significance of diversity, tools and strategies are emerging to better address these challenges. To gain more insights into the evolving strategies that are helping to make clinical trials more inclusive, Xtalks spoke with Ryan Brown, Regional Vice President of Sales for Trial Landscape at H1.
Brown shared her insights on how incorporating diversity from the outset can enhance the scientific validity of trials and ensure that the benefits of new therapies are accessible to all segments of the population. Her thoughts offer a valuable perspective on the ongoing efforts to improve the inclusivity of clinical research on a global scale.
XTALKS CLINICAL EDGE: Issue 3 — Interview with H1’s Ryan Brown
Xtalks Clinical Edge is a magazine for clinical research professionals and all who want to be informed about the latest trends and happenings in clinical trials. This magazine immerses you in a world where industry leaders, patient advocates and top researchers converge to provide the most insightful perspectives on clinical trials.
A Holistic Approach to Diversity in Clinical Trials
Achieving true diversity in clinical trials requires a comprehensive, 360-degree approach that considers a variety of factors, including but not limited to race and gender. Ryan Brown emphasizes that “it’s an imperative to think globally and act locally, especially when we’re considering the holistic view of diversity.”
This approach begins with a deep understanding of the disease epidemiology—who is most affected by the condition, and how does it manifest in different populations? By starting with this foundational knowledge, researchers can identify which populations need to be prioritized in the trial design to ensure that the study results are both meaningful and applicable to those most impacted by the disease.
Diversity is not a one-size-fits-all concept. It varies significantly depending on the region, the disease state and the regulatory environment. For example, in one region, diversity might focus on ethnic representation, while in another, it might center around age or socioeconomic status. This understanding necessitates a tailored approach to each trial, ensuring that the unique aspects of diversity in each context are carefully considered and addressed.
Beyond traditional demographic factors, social determinants of health (SDOH) like transportation, financial stability and language barriers play a critical role in patient participation. Incorporating SDOH data into trial planning ensures that studies are more inclusive and accessible to diverse populations.
Collaboration is also key to a holistic approach. Brown underscores the importance of engaging local partners and communities, stating that “we need to leverage data to inform where we’re going to go and who we should collaborate with.” Involving local investigators and patient advocacy groups from the outset helps align trial designs with the needs of participants.
Additionally, Brown emphasizes the importance of ongoing engagement and validation at the local level. This means going beyond initial planning to continually engage with sites, study coordinators and patients throughout the trial. By doing so, researchers can ensure that the study remains aligned with the needs and realities of the participants, leading to more successful and inclusive outcomes. This iterative process of planning, collaboration and validation is crucial for making clinical trials truly reflective of the diverse populations they aim to serve.
Incorporating Social Determinants of Health into Clinical Trial Design
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are critical factors that influence patient participation in clinical trials. These determinants include a range of non-medical factors such as socioeconomic status, education level, access to healthcare, language and transportation. Failing to account for these factors can inadvertently exclude large segments of the population from participating in clinical research, thereby skewing the results and limiting the generalizability of the findings.
For instance, one common barrier is language. Many clinical trials require participants to be fluent in English, which can exclude non-English-speaking individuals who might otherwise be eligible. Brown highlights the importance of reconsidering such criteria, noting that “if you have inclusion criteria of must only speak English, you really could be missing out on otherwise viable populations.” By offering translation services or multilingual materials, trials can be more accessible to a broader range of participants, ensuring that language does not become a barrier to participation.
Income and financial stability are other critical SDOH factors. Trials often require participants to take time off work, which can be a significant burden, especially for those in low-income jobs or hourly positions. Brown notes that “if they miss another day [of work], that could mean that they’re out of work,” highlighting the cascading effects this can have on a participant’s life. To address this, trials can offer flexible scheduling, transportation assistance or compensation that takes into account the real costs and risks participants face when joining a study.
Additionally, SDOH factors can influence how patients perceive and interact with the healthcare system, impacting their willingness to participate in trials. For example, those with limited access to healthcare may be less likely to engage in a clinical trial due to bias of not being invited or a lack of understanding of the process.
Brown emphasizes the importance of creating study materials that are culturally sensitive and accessible, stating that it’s crucial to “make people feel welcome and want to join in the study.” This might involve collaborating with community organizations to build trust and awareness or designing materials that are relatable to diverse populations.
Incorporating SDOH into clinical trial design is not just about removing barriers—it’s about actively creating an environment where diverse populations can participate fully and equitably. This requires a shift in how trials are planned and executed, focusing on patient-centric approaches that consider the whole person, not just their disease or condition.
Scaling Diversity in Clinical Trials Globally
Expanding clinical trials globally to include diverse populations presents unique challenges that require strategic planning. Ryan Brown emphasizes that “diversity means different things in different regions,” making it essential to tailor trial designs to the specific cultural, regulatory and healthcare landscapes of each area.
A key starting point is understanding the disease epidemiology—identifying where the disease is most prevalent and which populations are most affected. This targeted approach ensures that trials are inclusive of the populations most impacted by the disease.
Implementing this strategy requires more than just data; it necessitates deep local engagement. Brown stresses the importance of having “boots on the ground” to navigate regional nuances in patient recruitment and site selection. Collaborating with local investigators, healthcare providers and community leaders helps build trust and ensures trials are culturally sensitive and relevant.
In different regions, diversity considerations may extend beyond race and ethnicity to include factors like gender, religion or language. This requires a flexible approach that adapts to the specific diversity needs of each area. “What diversity means in one region is vastly different from another,” Brown explains, emphasizing the need for regional specificity.
Selecting trial sites is also crucial. Traditional sites in urban centers may not capture the full diversity needed for a global trial. Brown advocates for including new sites in rural or underserved areas to reach more diverse populations. This may require adjusting existing practices, but it’s a necessary step to ensure broader representation in trials.
Finally, global trials must be adaptable, both logistically and ethically. Ensuring that all participants are treated equitably and that the benefits of the research are shared fairly is vital. By taking a region-specific, inclusive approach, clinical trials can better reflect the true diversity of the global population, leading to more robust data.
The Role of Benchmarking in Enhancing Trial Efficiency and Diversity
Benchmarking is crucial in clinical trials for setting performance standards, improving efficiency and guiding resource allocation. Brown emphasizes that “it is hard to achieve a goal if you don’t set a target,” highlighting the importance of data-driven benchmarks to inform trial planning. By analyzing past performance, trial teams can establish realistic goals for patient recruitment, site selection and study timelines, ultimately streamlining operations and reducing costs.
For instance, benchmarks can provide insights into the expected number of patients per site, which can then inform decisions on site selection and patient recruitment strategies. This data-driven approach helps to streamline trial operations, reducing costs and timelines while maintaining high standards of quality.
However, Brown also cautions against relying solely on traditional benchmarks, particularly when it comes to enhancing diversity. “We shouldn’t allow the benchmark data to exclude new entities from joining the party,” she warns. Conventional benchmarks often favor established sites, which can inadvertently limit opportunities for new or underrepresented sites that serve diverse populations.
To address this, Brown advocates for a more balanced approach, combining traditional performance metrics with considerations for diversity and inclusion. For example, while benchmarks might suggest selecting sites with a proven history of high enrollment, it’s also crucial to consider sites in underserved areas that serve diverse populations. Even if these sites have lower initial metrics, they can bring valuable diversity to the trial.
Benchmarking can also identify gaps in diversity across trial sites. By analyzing participant demographics, trial teams can pinpoint where diversity is lacking and adjust their strategies accordingly. This might involve including additional sites in underserved areas or rethinking site selection criteria to prioritize diversity.
Furthermore, Brown suggests that benchmarking should be used not just to measure performance but to drive innovation in how trials are conducted. “We do need to look at benchmarks… but we shouldn’t use benchmarks as the only factor when considering how to get these studies done more efficiently and effectively,” she notes.
By challenging traditional benchmarks and incorporating new criteria that prioritize diversity, the industry can evolve to meet the demands of modern clinical research. This might involve reevaluating what success looks like in a trial—not just in terms of speed and cost but also in terms of inclusivity and representation.
Ryan Brown’s insights highlight the importance of a multifaceted approach to diversity, one that includes careful planning, local engagement and the integration of SDOH. By embracing these strategies, the healthcare industry can conduct more inclusive and representative trials, ultimately leading to better outcomes for everyone.
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